Go - 第一章 | 安裝Golang

前言

因為使用的macOS的環境，所以會著重在這方面做介紹，當然其他的OS環境也會大概提一下。

下載/安裝

下載

官方介紹提供了Linux、Mac、Windows的安裝檔下載連結。

• 下載
• 執行安裝檔

註：我本機使用的安裝方式為HomeBraw；所以這邊不特別說明安裝檔的安裝方式。

HomeBraw安裝

• 安裝 Homebrew

  1	/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

• 更新 Homebrew

  1	brew update

• 安裝 Golang

  1	brew install golang

環境變數

• 設定環境變數

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  export GOPATH="${HOME}/go" export GOROOT="/usr/local/Cellar/go/1.15.2/libexec" export PATH="${PATH}:${GOPATH}:${GOPATH}/bin:"

  註：GOROOT參數是Go安裝目錄，GOPATH參數是Go的工作目錄，此路徑不能跟GOROOT相同，且GOPATH允許多個目錄，當有多個目錄時，請注意分隔符號。

• 更新生效環境變數

  1	source .bash_profile

測試

• 指令確認

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  morose@localhost:~ $ go Go is a tool for managing Go source code. Usage: go <command> [arguments] The commands are: bug start a bug report build compile packages and dependencies clean remove object files and cached files doc show documentation for package or symbol env print Go environment information fix update packages to use new APIs fmt gofmt (reformat) package sources generate generate Go files by processing source get add dependencies to current module and install them install compile and install packages and dependencies list list packages or modules mod module maintenance run compile and run Go program test test packages tool run specified go tool version print Go version vet report likely mistakes in packages Use "go help <command>" for more information about a command. Additional help topics: buildconstraint build constraints buildmode build modes c calling between Go and C cache build and test caching environment environment variables filetype file types go.mod the go.mod file gopath GOPATH environment variable gopath-get legacy GOPATH go get goproxy module proxy protocol importpath import path syntax modules modules, module versions, and more module-get module-aware go get module-auth module authentication using go.sum module-private module configuration for non-public modules packages package lists and patterns testflag testing flags testfunc testing functions Use "go help <topic>" for more information about that topic.

HelloWorld

• 隨意路徑下建立hello.go

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  morose@localhost:~ $ cd Documents/Temp morose@localhost:Documents/Temp $ touch hello.go morose@localhost:Documents/Temp $

• vim編輯

  1	morose@localhost:Documents/Temp $ vim hello.go

  hello.go內容：

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  package main import "fmt" func main() { fmt.Println("hello world") }

• 執行hello.go

  1 2	morose@localhost:Documents/Temp $ go run ./hello.go hello world

結語

簡單的說明Golang的安裝和第一個程式(HelloWorld)的範例。一切的開始就是把環境先準備好，才能繼續往下一步。

註：以上參考了
Golang Documentation